Tomatoes

 

(Lycopersicon esculentum)

 

The wild ancestors of the tomato originated in the highland regions of western South America. It served as an important crop for Central and South Americans for thousands of years. After the Spanish arrived in the region the tomato was brought back to Europe as well as Spain’s other colonies around the world. When grown in Spain it thrived in the warm Mediterranean climate and it quickly became one of the most important vegetables there. In Northern Europe however people needed some convincing as to its edibility. The English assumed the fruit to be poisonous due to it’s resemblance to the deadly nightshade plant. Its case was probably not helped when the queen’s chefs prepared a dish featuring this new Spanish vegetable. They didn’t know which part of the plant they were supposed to cook and they ended up feeding the queen the leaves.

 

Today the tomato is the most popular home garden vegetable in North America. It’s no wonder as to why when you compare a freshly picked, still warm from the sun Brandywine to most tomatoes available in stores. Because the ripe fruit won’t ship long distances, most supermarket tomatoes are picked green, shipped hundreds or thousand of kms to the store and then artificially ripened with ethylene gas. Not a process very conducive to flavour.

 

Tomatoes should be started indoors 6 to 10 weeks before planting out after the soil has warmed in June. No special equipment is needed to start the seeds, just a tray near a sunny window will do. Plant in fertile soil and supply plenty of water. All of our varieties are Indeterminates, meaning they will require staking. Side shoots should be pinched off as the plants grow to keep them to a single stalk. A few of our varieties grew to 8 feet last year. Most tomato varieties have self-fertile flowers and seldom cross which makes seed saving easy.

 

(I list where I can the days to maturity of each variety as observed on our farm. These are just my own figures so they're often different than those from other sources, but they give a general comparison between varieties.)


In September 2011 we held Tomato Fest at the farm, with nearly 100 varieties available for people to sample. The taste favourites from the voting are noted in the profiles below. Check the website over the summer for updates on Tomato Fest 2012!


Packets cost $3.00 each and contain approx. 30 seeds unless otherwise noted. 



Large Beefsteaks:


(New) Cherokee Purple - A big, dark-fruited slicer. Definitely one of the very best for flavour, with sweet, complex dusky purple fruit with green shoulders. 4’ vines


(New) Ardwyna - The beautiful, curvaceous red fruit are heart-shaped and huge, with some specimens measuring  7 inches across and weighing in at over one pound. Excellent for slicing and eating fresh or for canning/saucing. 4’ vines.


(New) Paul Robeson - 4 inch black fruit produced on 3’ vines. Named in honour of the musician and civl right activist. 


(New) Alexander Peacock - A large red beefsteak variety with good flavour. A bit later to mature than others.


(New) Big Rainbow - When fully ripened these huge, often lumpy tomatoes are a rainbow of colours... they’re mainly yellow/orange with green shoulders and red streaks radiating out from the bottoms. Beautiful marbled flesh too.   


Wentzell - A large beefsteak. Dense, meaty and awesome for sandwiches. This variety is a real NS heirloom, having been grown for generations by the Wentzell family who were the original homesteaders of what is now Windhorse Farm. A potato-leaf which grows to 4 feet. 


Early Black Brandywine - A black fruited sport of Brandywine. Outstanding flavour and early to produce compared to other beefsteaks. Vines up to 4’ tall.


Maria’s - A huge, plump, deep red tomato originally from Hungary. It makes an excellent slicing tomato and it’s great for canning and sauces. Deep red colour and rich taste. One of the larger tomato varieties I’ve grown.


Black Krim - My favourite for sandwiches and greek salads, it's so flavourful and substantial. Large dusky fruit are often ribbed and no two are ever the same. Big yields on 4' vines. An heirloom from Crimea, known as Krim in the Ukraine.


Azoychka - A very large yellow slicing tomato, produced on 5' plants. The flavour is tangy and slightly fruity, one slice can cover a sandwich.


Bear Claw - One of the biggest beefsteak tomatoes I've grown. Huge, flattened, pink fruit produced on 3' vines. Milder than average and lower acid.


Yellow Brandywine - A large yellow beefsteak tomato, very meaty flesh and great sliced in sandwiches. Potato leaf. 3' vines. 


Pineapple - One of my personal favourites. As it’s name suggests it has a very fruity, tropical taste... sweet with little in the way of acid tang. This is one you could eat like an apple in the garden! Big, flattened orange fruit, marbled with streaks of red inside. The consensus favourite among guests at Tomato Fest 2011.  4' plants.  


Depp's Pink Firefly - Perhaps the most poetically named tomato, the huge pink beefsteak fruits have soft yellow speckles (fireflies) on the shoulders. Some fruits are smooth and many are very lumpy and segmented. All of them are delicious! 4' vines.


Brandywine - Large deep pink fruit. One of the best tasting tomatoes. The fruit are almost solid with little juice so they’re perfect for slicing. A potato leaf first introduced in the 1800’s.


Mortgage Lifter - A top quality slicer, producing huge, red, lumpy, and very flavourful fruit. Developed in the 1930s by M.C. "Radiator Charlie" Byles. When his radiator business slumped during the depression he turned to plant breeding. After word spread about this tomato he sold the seedlings for $1.00 a piece, paying off his mortgage in the process. 

 

Sicilian Saucer - Huge, flat beefsteak which makes a good sauce tomato. An heirloom variety passed down in a Sicilian family for generations.


Crnkovik Yugoslavian - A new favourite! This large red beefsteak produces tons of delicious solid fruit on 3-4 foot vines. Comparable to Brandywine except much higher yielding and earlier.


Carbon - Large, brown-red slicers produced on 4' vines. Flavourful and fairly early.


Absinthe - A green when ripe slicer! Large, solid coloured fruit on stocky 4' vines. Developed from a cross of Aunt Ruby's German Green and Emerald Evergreen by my friend Alan Bishop of Hip-Gnosis Seed Development out of Indiana. I love these on sandwiches, the flavour is kind of tangy yet sweet and low-acid.  


Medium Sized Tomatoes: 


(New) Black Zebra - This beauty was one of our most impressive varieties at the farm last summer. Dusky red and green-black stripes cover the medium sized round fruit. Very rich flavour. Selected from a cross between Green Zebra and a black tomato variety.  


(New) Black Pear - Large, pear-shaped deep black fruit produced on 3 foot tall potato-leaf vines. Excellent flavour.


(New) Costoluta Genovese - One of our most beautiful tomato varieties. The flattened, red, 5 inch across fruits are crazily deeply ribbed. Juicy and great for slicing and salads.


(New) Japanese Black Trifele - This exceptionally richly flavoured black heirloom is actually from Russia, rather than Japan! 4” pear-shaped tomatoes with green shoulders and a deep mahogany base. The fruit rarely split too. 3’ plants. 


(New) Pollock - Selected over the years by Andy Pollock of Houston, BC from the variety Bonny Best to thrive in the short growing season of Northern BC. The 3” round red fruit are produced in great abundance on 3’ vines.  


(New) Andy’s Buckflat’s Wonder - Another of Andy Pollock’s selections. Early and productive, this strain was selected for years for the fruit not to be damaged in light autumn frosts. Great for short-season areas!    


(New) Doublerich - These medium sized round red fruit are deep red with a rich texture... great for salads and sandwiches. 3-4 inch fruit with 4 foot vines.


(New) Clear Pink - Of all our tomato varieties, Clear Pink might just be the highest yielding. Compact (2’-3’) plants are loaded with large, pink, juicy tomatoes. Early maturing too!


(New) Lunch Bucket - An excellent medium sized salad tomato. The tasty, round, red fruit average about 3” across. 4’vines


(New) Matina - A good early maturing, multi-purpose tomato. A consistent producer of uniformly round 3” red fruits. Excellent flavour, especially for an early variety. 4’ potato-leaf plants. 


(New) Mountain Princess - Large and early crops of perfectly round, red, 4” fruits produced on 3’ plants. An heirloom from West Virginia.  


Elizabeth - The 2-3 inch slightly elongated red tomatoes are perfect cut into quarters for salads. Some fruits will have pretty yellow splotches on their skin, while others are solid red. Productive 5’ vines. 


Pine/Fog - A stabilized cross of Pineapple and San Fran Fog. The sweet, round, 3" fruit are red skinned and orange fleshed. Plants grow to 4'.


Teton de Venus - A large, oblong red tomato with a distinctive nipple at the end of each fruit. 4' vines.


Cole - My earliest tomato. This is one that really impressed me last summer. It's been grown and selected for at least 40 years by a Mennonite family in Saskatchewan, it came to me from a friend in northern Alberta where it is one of only a few varieties that can reliably mature. The short, somewhat scruffy looking plants seem to be more fruit than foliage! A very good producer of tasty small-medium sized red fruit. - Determinate 


Tibet - Productive short plants (around 2') with 4" pinkish/red richly flavoured fruit. Short vines but staking is still helpful. Very rare.  


Tatar from Mongolstan - A productive red slicer. The vines grow to 5' and they're fairly early to bear their uniform 3-4" fruit. I'd like to learn about the name!  


Outdoor Girl - An early maturing heirloom from England, selected for maturing outdoors. Small red fruit perfect for salads or eating whole. - Determinate


Stupice - Extra early-ripening small red tomato. Productive even in cool conditions. A potato leaf variety developed in Czechoslovakia. 2 inch diameter fruits are crack resistant.


Black Prince - A medium-sized, round, black tomato from Irkutsk, Russia, near Lake Baikal. Rated as one of the best for flavour.


Moneymaker - A good all-purpose slicer. Medium-sized, round, red fruit are crack-resistant. An English heirloom. 


Cabot - This medium sized red slicer is always one of the earliest and most productive tomatoes we grow, usually starting to bear in early-August. You’ll have buckets and buckets from just a short row. Requires no staking. It's local too, developed in the 70's at the Agriculture Canada station in Kentville. Dependably grows where few others will! - Determinate 


Scotia - Another excellent early red slicer from Kentville. This popular tomato is very similar to Cabot but slightly larger and higher yielding. They're both very comparable. - Determinate  


Early Latah - This one rivals Stupice and Cole as my earliest tomato! Small, red, plum shaped fruit are produced heavily on 4' plants.


Cherries and Small Varieties:


(New) Coyote - This amazing little tomato was one of the most talked about on the farm last Summer. Hundreds of small, current-sized, white (pale yellow, more accurately) fruit are produced on the sprawling vines. Super sweet! 


(New) Snow White - These prolific 6’ vines produce heaps of small, pale-yellow cherries. Very sweet but still with a rich “tomato” taste. Good balance of sweetness and acid. One of the flavour favourites at out Tomato Fest tasting day.   


Chiapis Wild - An incredible tomato unlike any other I've grown. The red fruit are tiny and extremely sweet and flavourul. "Mind blowingly sweet" is just one of the descriptions we came up with while snacking on them in the garden! Not just simply sweet but with more complex flavours as well. We held Tomato Fest this past summer and out of all the varieties sampled this was the clear people’s choice for tastiest tomato! The plants are also pretty unique, sprawling 6 feet across the ground and about 2 feet tall. Each plant produced many hundreds of fruit. 

 

White Cherry - Deliciously sweet, fruity tasting, pale yellow cherry tomatoes. This is one of my favourites for snacking in the garden (I had to ration myself to save any for seed). The plants can get 6' tall and produce many trusses of fruit.


Gardener’s Delight - A popular red cherry tomato. The flavourful, sweet fruit are produced in long trusses on hugely productive tall vines. 

 

Galina - Huge producer of yellow cherries. Tall plants need support as they can grow over six feet. Potato leaf.


Black Cherry - High yields of dusky brown cherry tomatoes, with sweet, smoky flavour. A taste favourite.


Yellow Pear - Small, sweet, 2" fruit are shaped like yellow pears, just as the name implies! A huge producer on 6' tall plants, it will keep bearing heavily up to the first frost.


Principe Borghese - An old Italian heirloom. Huge yields of small grape tomatoes with little juice, perfect for sauce and especially for drying. Plants are 6' tall and so loaded with fruit that staking is really needed! 


Chadwick’s Cherry - A vigourous producer of large, sweet, plump red cherry tomatoes. Vines grow to 6' and produce long trusses of fruit. Developed by Alan Chadwick, the creator of biointensive gardening and one of the fathers of the modern organic movement. 


Tommy Toe - Huge yields of large red cherries. Tall plants need plenty of support.


Paste Tomatoes:


San Marzano - The famous Italian sauce tomato, considered by some to produce the finest sauce in the world. The juice from this variety is so thick it that needs very little boiling down to make sauce. You can nearly squeeze a San Marzano directly onto your pasta! In 1770 this variety was brought from Peru to the Kingdom of Naples and planted near the village of San Marzano, near the base of Mount Vesuvius.


Amish Paste - Reliable high yields of large plum shaped tomatoes. Solid, flavourful fruit are great for sauce or for fresh eating. Mother Earth News magazine recently rated Amish Paste as one of their top 20 best tasting tomato varieties.


(New) Andean - A very long, deep red paste tomato, shaped almost like a red pepper! One of our taste favourites at Tomato Fest. Vines grow to 3’.


(New) Opalka - One of the best for making tomato sauce! Productive yields of long, pasty, roma-style red tomatoes. Very few seeds in each fruit. A little later to mature than some other paste varieties. 5’ vines.


(New) 10 Fingers of Naples - An Italian heirloom which bears lots of cylindrical red tomatoes perfect for sauces.


(New) Orange Banana - These bright orange tomatoes are about 4” long and 2” wide. They have a  sweet, slightly fruity taste and are excellent in salads, sauces or for drying.    


(New) Orange Roma - The deep-orange fruit are a bit shorter and stouter than the average roma tomato. The richly flavoured fruit make a delightful orange sauce! 


(New) Mayan Indian - A heavy yielder of deep-red plum shaped tomatoes. The fruit stay quite 

firm when fully ripe. Good for processing or eating fresh. Compact 2’ plants.

 

Speckled Roman - Oblong, medium-sized fruit are red with wavy yellow stripping. Discovered by John Swenson from a chance cross in his garden between Antique Roman and Banana Legs tomatoes. Great for sauce and the thin skins make it great for fresh eating too. 20 seeds


Black Plum - An extremely high yielder of crack-resistant, mahogany coloured 3" plum tomatoes. Makes an amazing dark brown sauce.


Misc. and Novelty Tomatoes:


(New) Berkeley Tie-Dye - A very unique variety developed by Wild Boar Farm in Nothern California. These could be the most colourfully fruited tomatoes I’ve ever grown, with green and red and orange and yellow all streaked together. Marbled flesh too! The slightly flattened and lumpy tomatoes average 5” across. Vigourous 5’ vines. Check out (www.wildboarfarms.com) to see some of the awesome tomato breeding work they’re doing! 


(New) Berkeley Tie-Dye Heart - The same wild colours as Berkeley Tie-Dye, but with bigger, crazier, lumpier fruit. One of the largest fruited varieties we’ve grown, 6” across is pretty normal. They’ll be the talk of the neighbourhood! 4’ vines. 


(New) Beauty King - Living up to it’s name, Beauty King produces big 6” beefsteak tomatoes, coloured with red stripes on a yellow base. Marbled interior when you cut one open! Another Wild Boar Farms variety.


(New) Silvery Fir - A very unique variety with ferny grey foliage, almost like carrot leaves! Round, red 3” salad tomatoes. The 2’ plants are very compact, making this a great variety for containers or urban gardens. Determinate


(New) Pink Boar - Beautifully pink and green striped 4” round tomatoes. Juicy and sweet. From Wild Boar.    


(New) Reisetomate - Unlike any other tomato I’ve seen. The crazy red fruits look like whole clusters of small cherry tomatoes that have been fused together. The name in German means Traveller Tomato, the lobes of the fruit being custom designed to be pulled off one by one for mobile snacking! Up to 6” across, the deep-red fruit are juicy and somewhat on the acidic side. 3’ to 4’ vines.


(New) Michael Pollan - A beautiful striped green, pear-shaped tomato. Developed by Wild Boar Farm and named after the author. 3” fruit on 5’ vines.


(New) Banana Legs - Cute banana-yellow roma tomatoes with mild, fruity flavour. Very unique!  


OSU Blue - This amazing blue tomato is always one of highlights of our garden. As far as I know they're the only blue tomato around, the flesh and bottoms of the 3" fruit are red and the top half of the skin is dark blue. Good flavour too. I like them in sandwiches and they're beautiful in salads.   


Garden Peach - An amazing tomato that looks just like a peach! The fruits are yellow with pink blushing when very ripe, and they've even got a little fuzz. Very productive as well, the taste is mild and sweet and they're great sliced in salads. 5' vines. 


Striped Cavern - A red and yellow striped stuffing tomato. The fruit are shaped a bit like bell peppers and are partially hollow for stuffing. A beautiful addition to salads as well. 4' plants.

 

Bali - Three to four foot tall heavily branching plants each produce a few huge clusters of highly ribbed, almost “brainlike”, fruit. The beautiful fruits are marbled red, yellow and pink. A rare variety from Indonesia.


Tigerella - An excellent, tangy, small to medium sized tomato with yellow and red stripes. Productive, tasty and fun. 


Green Zebra - Introduced in 1985 by master tomato breeder Tom Wagner. Definitely one of the best green tomatoes, fruits are 3-4" across with dark stripes over green skin. 



Other Solanaceae:


(New) Litchi Tomato - An unusual spiky relative of the tomato. Litchi Tomatoes will grow to four feet, with all the stems and leaves covered with long spines. The small, tasty red fruits are produced half-enclosed in spiky husks, similar to the litchi fruit from which it draws it’s name. Beautiful, large, papery, white flowers make it a very ornamental plant. Probably best if grown in a greenhouse. 20 seeds


(New) Sunberry (Solanum burbankii) - A very interesting tomato relative, also known as Wonderberry. The plants grow to around knee hight and produce clusters of small, blue, sweet fruits, tasting almost like blueberries. They’re wonderful eaten fresh in the garden, and they make great jams and pies too! Developed in the early 1900’s by Luther Burbank, from a cross of two different members of the nightshade family. Grown similarly to tomatoes. 30+ seeds


(New) Garden Huckleberry (Solanum melanocerasum) - Closely related to the Sunberry, Garden Huckleberries are more robust plants with larger, but less sweet, fruit. The berries look ripe when they change colour into their deep-blue (almost black), but they’re best if allowed to ripen more until they’re slightly soft. Flavour-wise they’re not much to write home about when fresh off the plant, but they’re amazing when cooked and sweetened in pies and sauces. 30+ seeds  


Cossack Pineapple Ground Cherry (Physalis pruinosa) - Sweet golden fruit produced inside papery husks, tastes like a cross between a pinaapple, a blackberry and a tomato. They're extremely addictive! Harvest when the husks turn brown and the fruit is yellowish for maximum sweetness, even husks collected from the ground will still be full of clean, delicious fruit. They probably won't make it past snacking but if you can save up enough they make excellent salsas and (so I've heard) jams. 30+ seeds 



 
 
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